Over the last few decades, cancer therapy has been improved by the introduction of intensified treatment protocols and advanced supportive therapy. As a consequence, outcomes for children diagnosed with cancer have progressed from an estimated 80% mortality in the late 80’s to an 80% survival at this time. However, these developments have also increased morbidity, including the incidence of disease- or treatment-associated complications, many of which require intensive care treatment. Renal failure is one of these serious complications. Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) has become the most widely used renal support modality for use in these critically ill children. Studies on outcome assessment in pediatric cancer and hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) patients are scarce. A better understanding of the impact of this therapy on both short and long-term outcomes among these children and factors that influence these outcomes is essential for optimal implementation of this therapy. Also the diagnose of AKI is based on an increase in serum creatine (SCr), which is a marker of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and the presence of oliguria. Our recently study showed Serum creatinine and oliguria seem to be not sensitive markers for timely detection of AKI in this population. We will investigate the applicability of non-invasive biomarkers, including extracellular vesicles to identify early AKI in pediatric cancer patients.
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